Why Is My Dog Coughing? 8 Common Causes & How to Help

Hearing your dog cough can be alarming. While occasional coughing might be harmless, persistent or severe coughing warrants investigation. Understanding the potential causes of your dog's cough is the first step in getting them the right treatment. This guide explores eight common reasons why your dog might be coughing and provides helpful advice on what you can do to help.

1. Kennel Cough

Kennel cough, also known as infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection that’s common in dogs, especially those who frequent kennels, dog parks, or grooming facilities. The classic symptom is a dry, hacking cough, often described as a “goose honk.”

2. Heart Disease

Heart disease, particularly congestive heart failure (CHF), can cause a persistent cough in dogs. As the heart struggles to pump blood efficiently, fluid can build up in the lungs, leading to a wet, rattling cough. This cough is often worse at night or after exercise. If your dog is also experiencing lethargy or difficulty breathing, a vet visit is crucial.

3. Collapsing Trachea

Collapsing trachea is a condition where the trachea (windpipe) weakens and flattens, making it difficult for your dog to breathe. This is more common in small breeds. The cough associated with collapsing trachea is often described as a dry, hacking cough that sounds like a honk. Excitement or pressure on the neck (e.g., from a collar) can trigger coughing episodes.

4. Pneumonia

Pneumonia, an inflammation of the lungs, can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. Symptoms include coughing, fever, lethargy, and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia requires prompt veterinary treatment, often involving antibiotics or other medications.

5. Foreign Body

Sometimes, a dog will cough because they have something stuck in their throat. Grass awns are a common culprit, as are small pieces of food or toys. If your dog is gagging or pawing at their mouth in addition to coughing, this could be the cause. A vet visit will be needed to remove the object safely.

6. Allergies

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from allergies. Allergies can cause a variety of symptoms, including coughing, sneezing, and itchy skin. Environmental allergens like pollen or dust mites are common triggers. Your vet can help you identify the allergen and recommend appropriate treatment, such as antihistamines or allergy shots. Consider hypoallergenic dog toys if allergies are suspected.

7. Canine Distemper

Canine distemper is a serious and highly contagious viral disease that can cause a range of symptoms, including coughing, fever, and neurological signs. Vaccination is the best way to protect your dog from distemper. If you suspect your dog has distemper, seek immediate veterinary care.

8. Lung Tumors

In older dogs, lung tumors can be a cause of chronic coughing. The cough may be accompanied by other symptoms such as weight loss, lethargy, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis typically involves chest X-rays or other imaging tests. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the tumor.

What to Do If Your Dog Is Coughing

If your dog is coughing, it's essential to monitor their symptoms closely. Note the type of cough (dry, wet, hacking), when it occurs (day, night, after exercise), and any other accompanying symptoms. Contact your veterinarian if the cough is persistent, severe, or accompanied by other concerning signs such as difficulty breathing, lethargy, or loss of appetite. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve your dog's health and well-being.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information and should not be substituted for professional veterinary advice. Always consult with your veterinarian for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your dog's care.

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